feat(math-engine): implement ScientificFunctions object with all whitelisted mathematical functions

src/core/math/ScientificFunctions.js

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+/**
+ * Scientific functions implementation for the calculator
+ * Provides implementations for all whitelisted mathematical functions
+ */
+
+const ScientificFunctions = {
+  // Trigonometric functions (expect radians)
+  sin: Math.sin,
+  cos: Math.cos,
+  tan: Math.tan,
+  asin: Math.asin,
+  acos: Math.acos,
+  atan: Math.atan,
+  
+  // Hyperbolic functions
+  sinh: (x) => (Math.exp(x) - Math.exp(-x)) / 2,
+  cosh: (x) => (Math.exp(x) + Math.exp(-x)) / 2,
+  tanh: (x) => (Math.exp(x) - Math.exp(-x)) / (Math.exp(x) + Math.exp(-x)),
+  asinh: (x) => Math.log(x + Math.sqrt(x * x + 1)),
+  acosh: (x) => Math.log(x + Math.sqrt(x * x - 1)),
+  atanh: (x) => 0.5 * Math.log((1 + x) / (1 - x)),
+  
+  // Exponential and logarithmic
+  exp: Math.exp,
+  log: (x) => Math.log10(x), // base 10
+  ln: Math.log, // natural log
+  
+  // Root and power
+  sqrt: Math.sqrt,
+  cbrt: Math.cbrt,
+  // Exponentiation handled via ** operator in expression parser
+  
+  // Absolute value and rounding
+  abs: Math.abs,
+  ceil: Math.ceil,
+  floor: Math.floor,
+  round: Math.round,
+  
+  // Factorial
+  factorial: (n) => {
+    if (n < 0) return NaN;
+    if (!Number.isInteger(n)) return NaN;
+    if (n === 0 || n === 1) return 1;
+    let result = 1;
+    for (let i = 2; i <= n; i++) {
+      result *= i;
+      if (!Number.isFinite(result)) return Infinity;
+    }
+    return result;
+  },
+  
+  // Combinations and permutations
+  nCr: (n, r) => {
+    if (n < 0 || r < 0 || !Number.isInteger(n) || !Number.isInteger(r) || r > n) return NaN;
+    if (r === 0 || r === n) return 1;
+    // Use symmetry to reduce computation
+    r = Math.min(r, n - r);
+    let result = 1;
+    for (let i = 1; i <= r; i++) {
+      result = result * (n - r + i) / i;
+      if (!Number.isFinite(result)) return Infinity;
+    }
+    return result;
+  },
+  
+  nPr: (n, r) => {
+    if (n < 0 || r < 0 || !Number.isInteger(n) || !Number.isInteger(r) || r > n) return NaN;
+    if (r === 0) return 1;
+    let result = 1;
+    for (let i = 0; i < r; i++) {
+      result *= (n - i);
+      if (!Number.isFinite(result)) return Infinity;
+    }
+    return result;
+  },
+  
+  // Random number
+  random: Math.random
+};
+
+module.exports = ScientificFunctions;